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Judge Monroe Tells It Like It Is: BAPCPA Is a Fiasco Because Congress Sold Out Individual Consumers to Special Interest Groups
Remember back in October 2005, in the week before BAPCPA became effective, when about 500,000 Americans from every race, color, and creed decided they’d be better off filing bankruptcy than risking the possibility they’d have to enter BAPCPA’s inferno at some later time? Back then I wrote here that “BARF” (Bankruptcy Abuse Reform Fiasco) was rapidly becoming the preferred acronym for the new bankruptcy legislation among many bankruptcy professionals.
Since then, as reported here, here, and here, exasperated bankruptcy judges have wrestled mightily with a few of BAPCPA’s plainly irreconcilable provisions. Indeed, as noted here, one judge went so far as to quote Lincoln’s Gettysburg Address to prove that one can’t just ignore 278 words in BAPCPA (which coincidentally was the length of the Gettysburg Address) even though a “first blush” look (i.e., the plain meaning) demanded it.
Tom Kirkendall of Houston’s Clear Thinkers blog yesterday wrote this post, pointing us to a recent decision by Austin Bankruptcy Judge Frank Monroe, who became so fed up with BAPCPA’s senseless, disorienting, and often menacingly complex (i.e., “kafkaesque“) world that he finally lashed out at Congress, calling the legislation’s adoption in its title of the words “consumer protection” the “grossest of misnomers.” In re Sosa, 2005 WL 3627817 (Bankr. W.D. Tex. 12/22/05).
To put this opinion in its context, you need to know something about Judge Monroe, former member of the great Houston-based bankruptcy firm of Sheinfeld, Maley & Kay, which dissolved in 2001 (ironically, according to one partner, “because of the resurgence of bankruptcy as a very hot practice area”). Judge Monroe practiced at SM&K continuously starting fresh out of the University of Texas law school in 1969, even serving as its managing partner for several years. His investiture as bankruptcy judge occurred in 1989, and he was reappointed in 2002 (hat tip to Mike Baumer for the clarification).
Clearly, then, Judge Monroe is no ranting anti-BAPCPA loon, so when he ascends the bully pulpit, it’s worth listening. In fact, I think it’s fair to say that Judge Monroe spoke for most of us bankruptcy professionals when he wrote, after playing “Judge Scrooge” and having to dismiss on Christmas eve the bankruptcy petition of another hapless consumer who failed to seek pointless credit counseling in advance of an emergency filing on the eve of foreclosure (an emergency apparently occasioned in part by the bank’s own assurances of cooperation):
Those responsible for the passing of [BAPCPA] did all in their power to avoid the proffered input from sitting United States Bankruptcy Judges, various professors of bankruptcy law at distinguished universities, and many professional associations filled with the best of the bankruptcy lawyers in the country as to the perceived flaws in the Act. This is because the parties pushing the passage of the Act had their own agenda. It was apparently an agenda to make more money off the backs of the consumers in this country….
It should be obvious to the reader at this point how truly concerned Congress is for the individual consumers of this country. Apparently, it is not the individual consumers of this country that make the donations to the members of Congress that allow them to be elected [House vote] and re-elected [Senate vote] and re-elected and re-elected.
Looks like Judge Monroe would concur that BAPCPA looks more like BARF to those, like him, in the thick of it.
You’ll find here, in a post dated 1/16/06, another take on Judge Monroe’s decision at the American Bankruptcy Institute’s BAPCPA Blog.
2/6/06 Update: Another hat tip thanks to Mike Baumer for pointing us to an earlier case where Judge Monroe similarly blasted Congress, this time in connection with the insanely harsh and unfair treatment of student loans in bankruptcy. Judge Monroe labeled this standard for discharging such loans the “let’s make it as tough as humanly possible to discharge a student loan” standard. In re Speer, 272 B.R. 186 (Bankr. W.D. Tex. 2001) (pdf). He called Congress’s squeezing of such debtors with the nearly impossible burden of proving “undue hardship” under Bankruptcy Code section 523(a)(8) in order to get the student loan discharged “a complete and total abdication of any scintilla of responsibility.”
In another well-crafted exhortation against Congress’s treating defaulting student loan debtors like “bums” and “putting the fox [i.e., the schools who liberally dispense loans to beef up their bottom lines] in charge of the hen house [i.e., the gullible students who believe the school’s advertising about the supposed value of an education there] and not only blaming the students if they get eaten, but also charging them for the cost of the meal!”
Most notably, perhaps, Judge Monroe wrote this the year before he was reappointed to the bench, showing he’s not afraid of the “big bad wolf” [i.e., Congress]. He wrote:
Complex Litigation Blog
The Empire Strikes Back: Pierce Marshall and His Amici File Fiery Responses to Anna Nicole Smith’s Claim to a Big Chunk of Her Erstwhile Hubby’s Trust
With Bingham McCutcheon’s Eric Brunstad and SCOTUSblog’s Tom Goldstein the lead attorneys on a 50 page brief filed on behalf of E. Pierce Marshall, the son of Anna Nicole Smith’s former hubby, J. Howard Marshall, you can bet that Anna Nicole’s legal team will be burning the midnight oil through oral argument on February 28.
More on Pierce’s arguments later, but suffice it to say for now that Anna Nicole’s not exactly being portrayed as a modern-day Jane Eyre. The brief begins with the following bit of contextual background:
J. Howard met Vickie in 1991 at a club where she danced. They were married in 1994, when he was eighty-nine and she was twenty-six. The marriage lasted fourteen months, ending with J. Howard’s death on August 4, 1995.
One unanticipated wrinkle here that the Respondent didn’t have a chance to consider or address, but which clearly affects the dynamic of the entire case, is the Court’s opinion (issued the next business day after the Respondent’s brief was filed) in Central Virginia Comm. College v. Katz (discussed here). One has to wonder whether the Court will look at Anna Nicole’s tortious interference claim as one being “asserted in proceedings necessary to effectuate the in rem jurisdiction of the bankruptcy court.” Since a tortious interference claim probably does not fit that bill, and since (as the Respondent notes) “Congress has not seen fit to displace” (or abrogate) the long-standing judicially established “probate exception” to federal bankruptcy jurisdiction (which bars the exercise of bankruptcy jurisdiction over a decedent’s property), then perhaps the Court will agree with the Respondent that “there is no basis for abandoning the probate exception that Congress has not seen fit to displace” (or abrogate).
Maybe Anna Nicole’s not going to have such a good year after all!
Thanks to Tom Goldstein and his staff at SCOTUSblog for providing us with early access to the briefs filed by and in support of the petitioner and the respondent.
Previous posts on this case of Marshall v. Marshall can be found here, here, and here.
Pierce’s lengthy “Summary of Argument” follows: